This effect can be seen in snapshots taken on a sunny day. The human eye is capable of dealing with a far greater contrast range than film and can locally compensate to see detail in the extreme areas. Whether the lighting should be warm or cool in color Contrast RangeĬontrast range is the difference between the brightest and the darkest areas with detail in a given scene. Whether the lighting should be hard of soft Separation of objects from the background The depth of the scene (its three-dimensional quality) Some of the qualities to consider include: Too many highlights in glassware or shadows from objects may add unnecessary complexity to a scene and detract from its essence. Images work well if they are bold, graphic, and simple. When setting up the lighting, consider the goal. Images can be created with accurate shadows, highlights, and reflections, but without proper lighting, the goal of the shot will be missed. The backlight also softens the shadows and brightens the surface the object is sitting on. In the illustration, the light on the top of the shoulders helps separate the subject from the background. The effectiveness of backlights depends in part on the reflectivity of the surfaces they are lighting. Backlights are usually placed behind and above the object and are pointed toward the camera. The backlight effect is subtle but can define the edges of objects in the scene and add depth by preventing objects from blending into the background.
In the illustration, notice that the shadow to the left of the nose and along the left side is lighter and softer than the image with the key light alone. It should not introduce any more dark shadows into the scene. The fill light is the secondary light in the scene. The key light and fill light may be of equal intensity for a low-contrast result, but the key light is usually brighter and harder than the fill light. Its purpose is to reduce contrast and bring out detail in the shadows by simulating light reflected off nearby objects. The fill light is placed just above the lens on the opposite side from the key light. In images of faces, this often shows up as a strong shadow cast by the nose. The shadow cast by the key light will be visible on the subject. It is a basic solution for lighting small studio setups as well. If the key light is a soft light, little or no fill may be required. In a classic portraiture setup, the key light is set at about a 45-degree angle between the subject and the camera and high enough to throw shadows down, but not so high that the subject's eyes are in shadow. As the key light moves to the side, the three-dimensional quality of the object increases. A key light is usually higher than the lens, and throws shadows down. The closer the key light is to the camera, the less modeling and texture it produces. A key light is usually set 30 to 45 degrees to the side of and above the object depending on the subject matter. It sets the mood, provides direction, shows dimension and texture, and creates the darkest shadows.
The key light is the dominant light in the scene. Basic Three-Light SetupĪ basic studio lighting setup includes three lights, a key light, a fill light, and a backlight. This will help determine the position of the lights. Use the Camera or NamedView commands to set up the position and angle of the camera. It is a good idea to start lighting by deciding on the camera angle.
Lighting setups always depend on the angle of the camera to the subject. Spotlights are useful because you can control their direction and hot spot to give the scene drama. A three-point setup will give good results right away and is an excellent starting point for creating special effects. This is the most common lighting arrangement for standalone characters and objects in the studio. The most basic studio lighting arrangement uses a key light (1), a fill light (2), and a back light (3). Dramatic lighting requires a number of light sources placed in a way to create very light and very dark areas. This means that dark areas are just as important as light areas. Create dramatic lighting by producing a lot of contrast. When lighting a studio setup, dramatic lighting is important. For greater control, use light sources to light the scene. Studio lighting must be set up similar to a photographer's studio.
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